Gradle构建初探

> gradle -v
------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 3.5
------------------------------------------------------------

Build time:   2017-04-10 13:37:25 UTC
Revision:     b762622a185d59ce0cfc9cbc6ab5dd22469e18a6

Groovy:       2.4.10
Ant:          Apache Ant(TM) version 1.9.6 compiled on June 29 2015
JVM:          1.8.0_131 (Oracle Corporation 25.131-b11)
OS:           Mac OS X 10.12.2 x86_64

task helloWorld << {
    println "Hello World"
}

> gradle helloWorld
:helloWorld
Hello World
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 3.714 secs

task helloWorldTwo {
   doLast {
      println 'helloWorldTwo'
   }
}

task helloWorldThree {
   doFirst {
      println 'helloWorldThree'}
}

task helloWorld << {
    println "Hello World"
}
task copyFile(type: Copy){
    from "src"
    into "dst"
}

> gradle copyFile
:copyFile
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 2.645 secs
D:\Test>gradle copyFile
:copyFile
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 3.361 secs

> gradle tasks
:tasks

------------------------------------------------------------
All tasks runnable from root project
------------------------------------------------------------

Build Setup tasks
-----------------
init - Initializes a new Gradle build. [incubating]
wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files. [incubating]

Help tasks
----------
components - Displays the components produced by root project 'Test'. [incubating]
dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'Test'.
dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'Test'.
help - Displays a help message.
model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'Test'. [incubating]
projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'Test'.
properties - Displays the properties of root project 'Test'.
tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'Test'.

Other tasks
-----------
copyFile
helloWorld

To see all tasks and more detail, run gradle tasks --all

To see more detail about a task, run gradle help --task <task>

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 2.895 secs

task helloWorldFour(dependsOn:helloWorldThree) << {
    println 'hellohelloWorldFour'
}

task helloWorldFour << {
    println 'hellohelloWorldFour'
}
helloWorldFour.dependsOn helloWorldThree

task helloWorld << {
   description = "this is helloWorld" 
   println description
}

task helloWorld << {
   println description
}
helloWorld.configure {
   description = "this is helloWorld" 
}

task showDescription1 << {
   description = 'this is task showDescription'
   println description
}

task showDescription2 << {
   println description
}
showDescription2.description = 'this is task showDescription'

task showDescription3 << {
   println description
}
showDescription3 {
   description = 'this is task showDescription'
}

class GroovyBeanExample {
   private String name
}

def bean = new GroovyBeanExample()
bean.name = 'this is name' //实际调用的是"bean.setName('this is name')"
println bean.name  //实际调用的是
"println bean.getName()"

class Child {
   private String name
}
class Parent {
   Child child = new Child();
   void configChild(Closure c) {
      c.delegate = child
      c.setResolveStrategy Closure.DELEGATE_FIRST
      c()
   }
}

def parent = new Parent()
parent.configChild {
name = "child name"
}

println parent.child.name

名称				类型					默认值
-------------------------------------------------
project			Project				Project实例
name			String				项目目录的名称。
path			String				项目的绝对路径。
description		String				项目的描述。
projectDir		File				包含生成脚本的目录。
buildDir		File				projectDir/build
group			Object				未指定
version			Object				未指定
ant				AntBuilder			AntBuilder实例

task task1 {
     doLast {
         println System.properties['aaa']
     }
}

//运行
> gradle -q task1 -Daaa=123
123

task task1 {
     doLast {
         println "$aaa"
     }
}

//运行
> gradle -q task1 -Paaa=123
123

ext {
	aaa = 123456
}

task task1 {
     doLast {
         println "$aaa"
     }
}

//运行
> gradle -q task1
123456
> gradle -q properties |grep aaa
aaa: 123456
> gradle properties | grep ext
ext: org.gradle.api.internal.plugins.DefaultExtraPropertiesExtension@56fbfd01

task task1 {
     doLast {
         println "$aaa"
     }
}

//运行
> gradle -q task1
123456

task task1 {
     doLast {
         println System.properties['aaa']
     }
}

//运行
> gradle -q task1
12345678

//定义默认的任务
defaultTasks 'clean', 'run'

task clean {
	doLast {
		println 'default cleaning'
	}
}

task run {
	doLast {
		println 'default running'
	}
}


// 最基本的任务
task task1 {
	doLast {
		println "------$task1.name-----"
		String str = "hello WORLD!"
		println "origin str: " + str
		println "upper case: " + str.toUpperCase()

		4.times {
			print "$it"
		}
		println ""

		def files = file('.').listFiles().sort()
		files.each {File file ->
			//if (file.isFile()) {
				println "$file.name"
			//}
		}
	}
}


// 任务依赖测试
task task2(dependsOn: 'task1') {
	doLast {
		println "------task2-----"	
	}
}


// 动态任务测试
4.times {counter ->
	task "dycTask$counter" {
		doLast {
			println "-----dycTask$counter-----"
		}
	}
}

// 通过API进行任务间的通信
dycTask0.dependsOn task1,task2 
dycTask0.doFirst {
	println "-----dycTask doFirst1-----"	
}
dycTask0.doFirst {
    println "-----dycTask doFirst2-----"
}
dycTask0.doLast {
	println "-----dycTask doLast1-----"
}
dycTask0.doLast {
	println "-----dycTask doLast2-----"
}

// 使用 ext.propName 的方式给任务增加自定义属性
task customPropTask {
	ext.admin = "kinglyjn"
}

task printCustomPropTask {
	doLast {
		println customPropTask.admin		
	}
}

// 使用方法
def add(i, j) {
	return i+j;
}

task useMethodTask {
	doLast {
		println add(1,2)
	}
}


// 依赖任务的不同输出
gradle.taskGraph.whenReady {taskGraph ->
	if (taskGraph.hasTask(release)) {
		version = '1.0'
	} else {
		version = '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
	}
}

task distribution {
	doLast {
		println "distribution version: $version"
	}
}

task release(dependsOn:'distribution') {
	doLast {
		println "-----we released now-----"
	}
}

repositories {
  	mavenLocal()
	//maven { url "file:///Library/apache-maven-3.3.9/repository" }
  
    mavenCentral()
  	jcenter()
  
  	maven {
        url "http://repo.mycompany.com/maven2"
      	//credentials {
        //    username 'your_username'
        //    password 'your_password'
        //}
    }
  	ivy {
        url "http://repo.mycompany.com/repo"
    }
 	ivy {
        url "../local-repo"
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile group: 'org.hibernate', name: 'hibernate-core', version: '3.6.7.Final'
}

dependencies {
    compile 'org.hibernate:hibernate-core:3.6.7.Final'
}

dependencies {
	//library是另一个module的名字
   	compile project(':library')
}

dependencies {
   //java
   compile files('spring-core.jar', 'spring-aap.jar')
   compile fileTree(dir: 'deps', include: '*.jar')
   //studio中一般这么写
   compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
}


/* 单个依赖 */
compile group:'log4j', name:'log4j', version:'1.2.17'
// 简写 => compile 'log4j:log4j:1.2.17'
 
/* 以数组形式添加多个依赖*/
compile 'joda-time:joda-time:2.9.2', 'log4j:log4j:1.2.17'
 
/* 闭包形式，以添加额外配置*/
compile (group:'log4j', name:'log4j', version:'1.2.17'){
    // ... 额外配置
}
/* 等价于 */
compile ('log4j:log4j:1.2.17'){
    // ... 额外配置
}

dependencies {
    // transitive 属性默认为 true
    compile group:'log4j',name:'log4j',version:'1.2.17',transitive:false
}

dependencies {
    compile ('commons-httpclient:commons-httpclient:3.1'){
        exclude group:'commons-codec' //排除该group的依赖
        // exclude group:'commons-codec',module:'commons-codec'
        // group是必选项，module可选
    }
}

// 库 a 传递性依赖库 b-1.2，与添加的b-1.1冲突
dependencies {
    compile 'a:a:1.0'
    compile 'b:b:1.1'
}

/* 冲突失败策略设置*/
configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy {  failOnVersionConflict() }
}
/* 强制指定版本策略设置*/
dependencies {
    compile group:'b',name:'b',version:'1.1',force:true
}

dependencies {
    /* 选择1以上任意一个版本，这使发生版本冲突的几率变小*/
    compile group:'b',name:'b',version:'1.+'
    /* 选择最新的版本，避免直接指定版本号 */
    compile group:'a',name:'a',version:'latest.integration'
}

// 指定库文件类型ext  默认为jar，可选属性为war、zip
compile group:'b',name:'b',version:'1.1',ext:'war'

// 使用分类器（classifiers） 例如提供了2种包，a-1.0-dev.war, a-1.0-dev.jar
compile group:'b',name:'b',version:'1.1',classifier:'dev',ext:'war'

// 替换传递依赖的版本
compile group:'a',name:'a',version:'l.0' {
    dependencies 'b:b:1.1'
}

(1) 查看所有依赖库
> gradle dependencies

(2) 查看指定配置（详见 1.3）的依赖库
> gradle dependencies --configuration <configuration>
    例 gradle dependencies --configuration compile //查看编译时依赖
    例 gradle dependencies --configuration runtime //查看运行时依赖

configurations {
   myDependency
}

dependencies {
//下面的myDependency是关键
   myDependency 'org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.0'
}
//类似studio中的classpath
dependencies {
   classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.3.0'
}
//还有 这里的compile，testCompile
dependencies {
    compile project(':library')
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:22.2.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:design:22.2.1'
    compile 'com.evernote:android-intent:1.0.1'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.8.2' 
}

dependencies {
//library是另一个module的名字
   compile project(':library')
}

dependencies {
   //java
   compile files('spring-core.jar', 'spring-aap.jar')
   compile fileTree(dir: 'deps', include: '*.jar')
   //studio中一般这么写
   compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
}

uploadArchives {
    repositories {
       flatDir {
           dirs 'repos'
       }
    }
}

// 运行gradle uploadArchives 进行构建和发布

uploadArchives {
    repositories {
        ivy {
            credentials {
                username "username"
                password "pw"
            }
            url "http://repo.mycompany.com"
        }
    }
}

// 运行gradle uploadArchives 进行构建和发布

apply plugin: 'maven'
uploadArchives {
    repositories {
        mavenDeployer {
            repository(url: "file:///Users/zhangqingli/test/javatest/p2/local/repos/")
        }
    }
}

// 运行gradle uploadArchives 进行构建和发布

apply plugin: 'maven-publish'

publishing {
  	publishToLocal(MavenPublication) {
      	from components.java
  	}
  	
  	repositories {
      	maven {
          	name "myRepos"
          	url "xxx"
      	}
  	}
}

//源码路径
sourceSets {
	main {
    	java {
          	srcDirs = ['src'] //用不同目录的列表代替约定的源代码目录，默认为src/main/java
    	}
	}
  	test {
      	java {
          	srcDirs = ['test'] //
      	}
  	}
}

//输出路径
buildDir = 'out' //改变项目输出路径到out目录

jar {
    manifest {
        attributes 'Implementation-Title': 'Gradle Quickstart',
                   'Implementation-Version': version
    }
}

apply plugin: DateAndTimePlugin

dateAndTime {
    timeFormat = 'HH:mm:ss.SSS'
    dateFormat = 'MM/dd/yyyy'
}

class DateAndTimePlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
    //该接口定义了一个apply()方法，在该方法中，我们可以操作Project，
    //比如向其中加入Task，定义额外的Property等。
    void apply(Project project) {
        project.extensions.create("dateAndTime", DateAndTimePluginExtension)

        project.task('showTime') << {
            println "Current time is " + new Date().format(project.dateAndTime.timeFormat)
        }

        project.tasks.create('showDate') << {
            println "Current date is " + new Date().format(project.dateAndTime.dateFormat)
        }
    }
}
//每个Gradle的Project都维护了一个ExtenionContainer，
//我们可以通过project.extentions进行访问
//比如读取额外的Property和定义额外的Property等。
//向Project中定义了一个名为dateAndTime的extension
//并向其中加入了2个Property，分别为timeFormat和dateFormat
class DateAndTimePluginExtension {
    String timeFormat = "MM/dd/yyyyHH:mm:ss.SSS"
    String dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd"
}

class HelloWorldTask extends DefaultTask {
    //@Optional，表示在配置该Task时，message是可选的。
    @Optional
    String message = 'I am jjx'
    //@TaskAction表示该Task要执行的动作,即在调用该Task时，hello()方法将被执行
    @TaskAction
    def hello(){
        println "hello world $message"
    }
}

//hello使用了默认的message值
task hello(type:HelloWorldTask)

//重新设置了message的值
task helloOne(type:HelloWorldTask){
   message ="I am a android developer"
}

//这是插件
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
//这里gradle-quality.gradle就是另外单独定义了task的gradle
apply from: '../build-config/gradle-quality.gradle'

include 'library', 'demo'

allprojects {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
    //通常studio项目没有，咱自己加的
   apply plugin: 'idea'
   task allTask << {
      println project.name
   }
}